Biology Curriculum for Quiz – Level 1
1. Life Processes
- Nutrition: Modes (Autotrophic and Heterotrophic) and essential human nutrients.
- Respiration: Aerobic vs. Anaerobic respiration, cellular respiration steps (Glycolysis, Krebs Cycle), and the human respiratory system.
- Transportation: Human circulatory system (Heart, Blood) and transport in plants (Xylem and Phloem).
- Excretion: Human kidney function (Nephrons, Urine formation) and excretion in plants via transpiration.
2. Reproduction
- Asexual: Methods include Fission, Regeneration, and Fragmentation.
- Sexual (Plants): Flower structure, Pollination types, and Fertilization process.
- Human System: Male and Female reproductive anatomy, menstrual cycle hormones, and Fertilization.
3. Heredity and Genetics
- Mendelian Genetics: Laws of Inheritance (Segregation, Independent Assortment, Dominance) and key terms (Genotype, Phenotype).
- Sex Determination: Genetic basis in humans and birds; environmental basis in reptiles.
- Traits: Difference between Inherited vs. Acquired and Dominant vs. Recessive traits.
4. The Human Eye
- Structure: Components of the eye (Cornea, Lens, Retina, Optic Nerve).
- Defects: Myopia (Nearsightedness) and Hyperopia (Farsightedness) with their corrective lenses.
- Light Phenomena: Refraction, Total Internal Reflection, and Dispersion.