Chemistry Curriculum for Quiz – Level 5
1. Thermodynamics
- Laws of Thermodynamics (First, Second, and Third)
- Energy Concepts: Internal Energy, Enthalpy, Entropy, and Gibbs Free Energy
- Thermochemistry and Hess’s Law
- Process Types (Reversible vs. Irreversible) and Spontaneity
2. Organic Chemistry: Oxygen & Nitrogen Compounds
- Carboxylic Acids: Preparation, Acidity, and Reactions like Esterification
- Acid Derivatives: Esters, Amides, and Acid Chlorides
- Amines: Classification, Basicity Trends, and Separation Methods
- Key Reactions: Diazotization, Carbylamine Reaction, Hofmann Degradation, and Coupling
- Nitro Compounds: Reduction in Various Media
3. Polymers
- Classification (Natural/Synthetic, Thermoplastic/Thermosetting)
- Polymerization Mechanisms (Addition vs. Condensation)
- Commercial Polymers (Nylon, PVC, Teflon, Rubber) and Biodegradable Types
4. Biomolecules
- Carbohydrates: Classification (Mono/Di/Polysaccharides) and Structure
- Proteins: Amino Acids, Peptide Bonds, and Structural Levels (Primary to Quaternary)
- Enzymes: Function and Specificity
- Nucleic Acids & Vitamins: DNA/RNA Composition and Deficiency Diseases
5. Ionic Equilibrium
- Acid-Base Theories (Arrhenius, Bronsted-Lowry, Lewis)
- Ionization and Ostwald’s Dilution Law
- pH Scale Calculations
- Buffer Solutions and Salt Hydrolysis
- Solubility Product and Precipitation
6. d-Block and f-Block Elements
- Transition Metals: Electronic Configuration and Oxidation States
- Properties: Color, Magnetism, and Catalytic Activity
- Compounds: Potassium Permanganate and Potassium Dichromate
- Inner Transition Elements: Lanthanoids, Actinoids, and Lanthanoid Contraction