Physics Curriculum for Quiz – Level 3
1. Mechanics (Work, Energy, and Machines)
- Work & Energy: Work defined by displacement; forms of energy (kinetic vs. gravitational/elastic potential); principle of conservation of energy; power as the rate of work.
- Machines: Concepts of mechanical advantage (MA), velocity ratio (VR), and efficiency; classification of levers; systems of pulleys; other simple machines (inclined plane, wheel and axle).
2. Waves and Optics (Sound and Light)
- Sound: Longitudinal wave nature; characteristics (pitch, loudness, quality); phenomena (reflection/echoes, resonance, Doppler effect); sonic ranges (audible, ultrasonic, infrasonic).
- Light Reflection & Refraction: Mirrors (plane, concave, convex) and image formation; refraction principles (refractive index, total internal reflection); lenses (convex, concave) and power.
- Spectrum & Color: Dispersion of white light; electromagnetic spectrum; scattering of light.
3. Electricity and Magnetism
- Current Electricity: Basics (current, voltage, resistance); Ohm’s Law; factors affecting resistance; circuit arrangements (series vs. parallel); heating effect of current.
- Magnetic Effects: Magnetic field patterns; directional rules (Right-Hand Thumb, Fleming’s Left-Hand); electromagnetism; domestic circuitry (wiring, fuses, earthing).